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Cubic Yards to Tons Converter
Cubic yards measure volume; tons measure weight. To convert between them you need one extra fact — the material's density. This guide gives the densities for common landscaping materials plus the simple formula.
The conversion formula
Because a cubic yard of gravel weighs far more than a cubic yard of mulch, there is no single number — you multiply by the material's density:
Material density chart
| Material | Tons per cubic yard | Approx. lb per cubic yard |
|---|---|---|
| Gravel / crushed stone | ~1.40 | ~2,800 |
| Sand (dry) | ~1.35 | ~2,700 |
| Sand (wet) | ~1.55 | ~3,100 |
| Topsoil (dry) | ~1.10 | ~2,200 |
| Fill dirt | ~1.25 | ~2,500 |
| Wood mulch | ~0.50 | ~1,000 |
| Compost | ~0.55 | ~1,100 |
Densities are approximate and rise with moisture. Confirm with your supplier for a precise order.
Worked examples
- 5 cu yd of gravel: 5 × 1.40 = 7 tons
- 3 cu yd of topsoil: 3 × 1.10 = 3.3 tons
- 4 cu yd of mulch: 4 × 0.50 = 2 tons
Go the other way (tons to yards)
To convert tons back to cubic yards, divide by the density: 7 tons of gravel ÷ 1.40 = 5 cubic yards.
Do it automatically
Cubic Yard & Tonnage Calculator →
Frequently asked questions
How do I convert cubic yards to tons?
Multiply cubic yards by the material density (gravel ~1.4, sand ~1.35, topsoil ~1.1, mulch ~0.5).
How many tons is a cubic yard of gravel?
About 1.4 tons (~2,800 lb).
How many tons is a cubic yard of mulch?
About 0.5 tons — mulch is much lighter than stone or soil.